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Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 125-136 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0396-8

摘要： In this paper, we propose a 3D stochastic model to predict the percolation threshold and the effective electric conductivity of CNTs/Polymer composites. We consider the tunneling effect in our model so that the unrealistic interpenetration can be avoided in the identification of the conductive paths between the CNTs inside the polymer. The results are shown to be in good agreement with reported experimental data.

关键词： electrical percolation     CNTs/Polymer composites     fracture model     electric conductivity     tunnelling effects    

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Numerical modeling of nonlinear deformation of polymer composites based on hyperelastic constitutive

Qingsheng YANG, Fang XU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 284-288 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0067-0

摘要： Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites exhibit nonlinear and hyperelastic characteristics under finite deformation. This paper investigates the macroscopic hyperelastic behavior of fiber reinforced polymer composites using a micromechanical model and finite deformation theory based on the hyperelastic constitutive law. The local stress and deformation of a representative volume element are calculated by the nonlinear finite element method. Then, an averaging procedure is used to find the homogenized stress and strain, and the macroscopic stress-strain curves are obtained. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate hyperelastic behavior and deformation of the composites, and the effects of the distribution pattern of fibers are also investigated to model the mechanical behavior of FRP composites.

关键词： composites     hyperelastic     finite deformation     homogenization     micromechanics    

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Fabrication of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) and robot design

Hanmin PENG, Qingjun Ding, Huafeng LI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 332-338 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0046-5

摘要： This paper describes a method for preliminary manufacturing experiments on a type of smart materials—ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs). They belong to EAP materials and are famous for their capability of huge displacement within a low voltage (1–3 V). With best operation quality in the humid environment, they can be made as underwater robots in simple structures. In this paper, two purposes are embodied. One focuses on the research on the IPMCs characteristics, including the actuating principle, manufacturing process, and parameters of performance. The other is that a relevant robot driven by IPMCs strips is designed. According to imitation propulsion mechanism of undulatory fins, IPMCs are designed for a novel bionic water vehicle propelled by undulatory multiple fish-like fins (made by IPMCs). The robot consists of three fins on the bottom tightly contacting by plastic foils with each other.

关键词： ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs)     artificial muscles     actuator     bionic robot     platinum-plated    

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我国高性能高分子复合材料发展现状与展望

曹维宇,杨学萍,张藕生

《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第5期   页码 112-120 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.05.010

摘要：

高性能高分子复合材料因其优异的综合性能，成为国防与国民经济建设不可或缺的战略性关键材料，已在航空、航天、风力发电、轨道交通、汽车等领域进行应用，发展前景广阔。本文分析了我国发展高性能高分子复合材料的宏观需求，综述了高性能高分子复合材料中碳纤维、芳纶、高性能玻璃纤维等纤维增强体以及复合材料用高分子树脂基体如环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、特种树脂的发展现状及特点，研判了高性能高分子复合材料发展存在的问题以及今后发展的目标与任务。研究发现，碳纤维领域初步形成了从关键技术研发到工程化生产的产业化体系，材料向高性能和低成本双向发展；对位芳纶产业化初步成功；玻璃纤维则保持低速扩张；高性能高分子复合材料树脂基体产业则面临严峻的发展形势。基于发展需求，从注重自主创新、坚持需求牵引、重视产业链建设、加强人才培养与支持产业创新建设等方面提出了发展建议，以期为我国高性能高分子复合材料的发展提供参考借鉴。

关键词： 高性能纤维     高分子树脂基体     复合材料    

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Performance of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) with different surface roughening methods

Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG, Kan BIAN, Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 430-435 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0053-6

摘要： Based on permeation and double chemical reduction technology, this paper researches the manufacture of Pt-ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) and the effect of three types of surface roughening methods on the manufacture and performance of IPMC. The roughening methods include manual polishing, sanding machine polishing, and plasma surface treatment. The appearance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) features, electro-active deformation and surface resistance characteristics of these IPMC specimens were obtained and compared through specimen tests. The results of the tests indicate that surface roughening technology obviously influences the performance of IPMC. The uniformity and compactness of the metal deposited on the surface and inside the Nafion film are improved by improving surface roughening uniformity. However, the electro-active deformation capability and surface resistance of the specimens decrease at the same time. There is an approximate linear increase relationship between the driving voltage and the bending deformation of the IPMC specimen within a certain voltage range. Under the same specimen dimension, constraints, and driving voltage (3V), the maximum electro-active bending deformation angles of the specimens are about 60°, 45°, and 15° for manual polishing, sanding machine roughening, and plasma treatment, respectively.

关键词： ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC)     surface roughening     scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyze     actuator     electroless plating    

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An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1653-1653 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0578-7

摘要： In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) in the construction industry. However, the E-modulus and strength of such members at high service temperatures is still unknown. Modulus and strength of FRP at high service temperatures are highly required parameters for full design. The knowledge and application of this could lead to a cost effective and practical consideration in fire safety design. Thus, this paper proposes design methods for calculating the E-modulus and strength of FRP members at different temperatures. Experimental data from literature were normalized and compared with the results predicted by this method. It was found that the proposed design methods conservatively estimate the E-modulus and strength of FRP structural members. In addition, comparison was also made with direct references to the real behavior of materials. It was found to be satisfactory. Finally, an application is provided.

关键词： concrete     fiber reinforced polymer     E-modulus     strength     temperatures    

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structural engineering applications, recent trends, research and developments on pultruded fiber reinforced polymer

Alfred Kofi GAND, Tak-Ming CHAN, James Toby MOTTRAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 227-244 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0216-8

摘要： The objectives of this study are to review and evaluate the developments and applications of pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer composites in civil and structural engineering and review advances in research and developments. Several case applications are reviewed. The paper presents a state-of-the-art review of fundamental research on the behavior of pultruded fiber reinforced polymer closed sections and highlights gaps in knowledge and areas of potential further research.

关键词： fibre reinforced polymer composites     behaviour of FRPs tubular sections     pultruded FRP tubular profiles     FRP tubes in bridges     applications of pultruded FRP tubes     new-build with FRP tubes    

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Materials-oriented integrated design and construction of structures in civil engineering—A review

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 24-44 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0794-9

摘要： Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products, processes, and systems with desired functions through specifications. It is a decision-making exploration: the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy. Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach. In civil engineering, structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures. Recently, structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety, durability, serviceability, and sustainability. Consequently, integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular, useful, and important. Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures (MIDCS) combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage: it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies. This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS, including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures, masonry arch structures, long-span steel bridges, prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures, fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures, and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks. Additionally, advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures. A unified strength-durability design theory is also introduced, which is a human-centric, interdisciplinary, and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure. Finally, this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.

关键词： integrated design and construction     fiber-reinforced concrete     fiber-reinforced polymer     light-weight steel structures     digital fabrication     composites    

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Preparation and performance of soft actuator based on IPMC with silver electrodes

Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG, Kan BIAN, Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 436-440 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0054-5

摘要： The surface electrodes of traditional ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) are made of platinum. To reduce the production cost, nonprecious metals such as silver is proposed. A new approach of electroless silver plating based on chemical deposition method is adopted, getting two types of IPMCs, Pt-Ag IPMC, and Ag-Ag IPMC. The microscopic analysis, driving abilities tests, and their surface-electrode resistance analysis show that Ag and Pt particles penetrate inside Nafion membrane with gradient distribution throughout the membrane. The maximum electro-active bending deformation angles of the specimens, which are obtained under the same specimen dimension and constrains, are about 60° for Pt-Pt IPMC and Pt-Ag IPMC and 90° for the Ag-Ag IPMC, respectively, corresponding to the driving voltage of 3 V, 4 V, and 1.5 V. The surface-electrode resistance of Ag-Ag IPMC is the lowest and the most stable, which shows that the proposed approach is valid. The experiments show that the IPMC technology based on the silver electrode is feasible.

关键词： ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC)     Nafion     intelligent material     soft actuators     electroless silver plating    

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Contribution of CNTs/CNFs morphology to reduction of autogenous shrinkage of Portland cement paste

Feneuil BLANDINE, Karin HABERMEHI-CWIRZEN, Andrzej CWIRZEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 255-255 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0395-9

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Electro-assisted CNTs/ceramic flat sheet ultrafiltration membrane for enhanced antifouling and separation

Shuo Wei, Lei Du, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1303-4

摘要： Abstract • A stable and electroconductive CNTs/ceramic membrane was fabricated. • The membrane with the electro-assistance exhibited optimal fouling mitigation. • The removal efficiency was improved by the -2.0 V electro-assistance. • Electro-assisted filtration is energy-saving than that of commercial membrane. Ultrafiltration is employed as an important process for water treatment and reuse, which is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of water resources. However, it suffers from severe membrane fouling and the trade-off between selectivity and permeability. In this work, a CNTs/ceramic flat sheet ultrafiltration membrane coupled with electro-assistance was developed for improving the antifouling and separation performance. The CNTs/ceramic flat sheet membrane was fabricated by coating cross-linked CNTs on ceramic membrane, featuring a good electroconductivity of 764.75 S/m. In the filtration of natural water, the permeate flux of the membrane with the cell voltage of -2.0 V was 1.8 times higher than that of the membrane without electro-assistance and 5.7-fold greater than that of the PVDF commercial membrane. Benefiting from the electro-assistance, the removal efficiency of the typical antibiotics was improved by 50%. Furthermore, the electro-assisted membrane filtration process showed 70% reduction in energy consumption compared with the filtration process of the commercial membrane. This work offers a feasible approach for membrane fouling mitigation and effluent quality improvement and suggests that the electro-assisted CNTs/ceramic membrane filtration process has great potential in the application of water treatment.

关键词： Ultrafiltration     Electro-assistance     CNTs     Membrane fouling mitigation    

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纤维增强复合材料应用于荷兰桥梁设计：面临创新性、可持续性和耐久性的建筑挑战

Joris Smits

《工程（英文）》 2016年 第2卷 第4期   页码 518-527 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.004

摘要：

本文综述了纤维增强复合材料(FRP) 在荷兰桥梁的建筑性与结构性设计方面的应用，讨论了这种相对较新的材料给建筑师和工程师带来的挑战和机遇。本文涵盖了纤维增强复合材料的最新结构处理方案，以及对于纤维增强复合材料在建筑方面应用的讨论，这些应用来源于笔者与其他科研人员在建筑上的实践。

关键词： 建筑     结构设计     桥梁设计     纤维增强复合材料(FRP)     生物复合材料     柔性成型系统     单壳体结构    

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降低树脂基碳纤维复合材料成本的工程途径

赵渠森

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第9期   页码 21-28

摘要：

树脂基复合材料已在航空航天工业中获得广泛应用。当今复合材料的低成本已是广泛议题。文章从工程角度讨论降低成本的有效途径，它们是通过改善树脂韧性提高设计许用应变，尽可能实现结构整体性，采用混杂复合材料结构，应用树脂渗透成形工艺和电子束固化技术。

关键词： 买得起复合材料     BMI树脂     整体共固化结构     真空辅助树脂渗透    

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Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0321-y

摘要： Composite materials reinforced with carbon nanotubes were mechanical tested using Arcan test rig under Mode-I, Mode-II and mixed mode loading conditions to obtain their fracture properties. The butterfly composite specimens were fabricated with 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 wt % CNTs. The polyester/CNT composite was fabricated using VRTM (Vacuum Resin Transfer Molding) where the CNTs were first functionalised to reach an optimum properties. Arcan test rig was designed and fabricated to work with the Shimadzu testing machine. The results show that the functionalised CNTs have improved the fracture behavior by acting as bridge between the cracked face. In addition, the fracture properties were not improved for the higher weight fraction of 0.1 wt% CNTs.

关键词： CNT     composites     Arcan test rig     stress intensity factor    

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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 667-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0767-7

摘要： Owing to the outstanding characteristics of tailorable electronic and optical properties, semiconducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Among them, organic polymer dots process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogen production, which presents both an opportunity and a challenge. In this mini-review, first, the organic polymer photocatalysts were introduced. Then, recent reports on polymer dots which showed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation, for hydrogen production were summarized. Finally, challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production were discussed.

关键词： polymer dots (Pdots)     photocatalysis     hydrogen production    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

期刊论文

Numerical modeling of nonlinear deformation of polymer composites based on hyperelastic constitutive

Qingsheng YANG, Fang XU

期刊论文

Fabrication of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) and robot design

Hanmin PENG, Qingjun Ding, Huafeng LI

期刊论文

我国高性能高分子复合材料发展现状与展望

曹维宇,杨学萍,张藕生

期刊论文

Performance of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) with different surface roughening methods

Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG, Kan BIAN, Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG,

期刊论文

An improved design method to predict the E-modulus and strength of FRP composites at different temperatures

Mohammed FARUQI, Gobishanker RAJASKANTHAN, Breanna BAILEY, Francisco AGUINIGA

期刊论文

structural engineering applications, recent trends, research and developments on pultruded fiber reinforced polymer

Alfred Kofi GAND, Tak-Ming CHAN, James Toby MOTTRAM

期刊论文

Materials-oriented integrated design and construction of structures in civil engineering—A review

期刊论文

Preparation and performance of soft actuator based on IPMC with silver electrodes

Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG, Kan BIAN, Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG,

期刊论文

Contribution of CNTs/CNFs morphology to reduction of autogenous shrinkage of Portland cement paste

Feneuil BLANDINE, Karin HABERMEHI-CWIRZEN, Andrzej CWIRZEN

期刊论文

Electro-assisted CNTs/ceramic flat sheet ultrafiltration membrane for enhanced antifouling and separation

Shuo Wei, Lei Du, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan

期刊论文

纤维增强复合材料应用于荷兰桥梁设计：面临创新性、可持续性和耐久性的建筑挑战

Joris Smits

期刊论文

降低树脂基碳纤维复合材料成本的工程途径

赵渠森

期刊论文

Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

期刊论文

Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

期刊论文